Risk And A Form Of Linguistic Imperialism - 1509 Words

The term risk has been defined in so many ways by many scholars. The term ‘risk’ itself is very broad to interpret. However, risk is often defined as a threat and it usually brings negative impacts to a person or an organisation. Hansson (2005) claims that many attempts have been made to define risk in a single meaning and eliminate other definitions which are futile and a form of ‘linguistic imperialism’. Since there is no exact meaning of risk, people describe risk based on their own perceptions and purposes. Perminova et al. (2008) and the Association of Project Management (APM) define risk as an uncertain event and exclusively negative (APM, 2006). Ward and Chapman (2003) recommend that project risk management (PRM) is categorized as project uncertainty management. Nonetheless, the term ‘uncertainty’ again brings confusion as there is no single meaning that can successfully define it (Perminova et al., 2008). On the contrary, Kaplan and Garr ick (1981) define risk according to public’s risk perception. There are three criteria suggested by the authors such as the failure of that particular event, its tendency as well as the impact of the failure. Although there have been countless struggles to picture risk in a proper way, it is best that the focus should be diverted to a more important issue which is how to manage risk instead of defining it as time may not be on our side. Apart from the confusing issue of defining what risk really means, authors find themselves veryShow MoreRelatedEnglish And English Linguistic Imperialism977 Words   |  4 Pagesthere has been much discussion on the issue of whether English users are the victims of linguistic imperialism. Historically, English was regarded as a lingua franca and it has the same function nowadays (Kachru, 1985, cited in Jenkins, 2014). In addition, linguistic imperialism is related to English in this essay. Although English users could profit from the spread o f English and ‘English linguistic imperialism’ indeed brings some advantages, some others still hold the view that English users areRead MoreEssay on The End of the Cold War1634 Words   |  7 Pagesthe way for an unprecedented new paradigm – one characterised by the end of hostilities between the two dominant ideologies: Soviet communism and American liberal capitalism. This dominant new paradigm encouraged the homogenisation of ideas, in the form of exchanging ethos and values along former cultural, ideological and geographical divides. As such, this integration of world societies has earned the title ‘globalisation’, forcing the global community to appear so united as to warrant the metaphorRead MoreThe Effect Of Globalisation On Language Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesthose languages (BBC, 2014). 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Therefore, there is a division in terms of if nationalism is progressive or regressive, as far as international relations are concerned. As a response to these conflicting views, this paper will explore the relevant literature to support the thesis that nationalism is a progressive force in international relations. Nationalism is a Progressive Force O’Leary (1997) argues that nationalism is the most significant form of political legitimacy in theRead MoreThe Effects Of Globalization On Multilingualism And I Propose Doing Multiple Case Studies1524 Words   |  7 Pagescreate a distinctive style of music unique to them, and their heritage. Culture is being changed and expanded by new linguistic patterns globalization has introduced. Blommaert argued that Rip Slyme’s mix of language was a form of cultural sharing that lacks colonialist power imbalances and creates new semiotic communication patterns. This optimism about the scarcity of cultural imperialism present in the spread of English worldwide has not gone uncontested. Across the globe, numerous academics have